Restoring murals nobody saw painted

The concepts this raises

Each of these gives a class a different way into the same case.

InterpretationThe Knower's Lens

The work of making something mean something. Data, texts, images and events do not announce their own significance; the categories a knower brings determine what is even available to be noticed, which is why disagreements about interpretation are rarely settled by looking harder.

ObjectivityStatus of Knowledge

Independence from the particular standpoint of any individual knower. Objectivity is better understood as something a method or a community achieves through checks on individual bias than as something a single knower can simply decide to have.

Where it sits in the knowledge framework

Methods and tools

The practices, conventions, instruments and forms of reasoning through which knowledge here is actually made, together with the assumptions those methods build in and what they are structurally unable to detect.

Ethics

The ethical questions internal to the knowledge itself: what may be investigated and how, what obligations the knowledge places on those who hold it, and the ethical constraints the discipline imposes on its own practitioners.

The same ideas, somewhere else

Cases that raise a concept this one raises, but in a different area of knowledge or a different part of the world. That contrast is the point: it is what shows a student the concept travels.