Editing the national textbook

From India·A current case, last reviewed September 2026

Successive revisions of India's national school textbooks have added, trimmed and removed episodes, with each round defended as correction and attacked as erasure. Millions of students meet the past through whichever edition their exam year happens to use.

The concepts this raises

Each of these gives a class a different way into the same case.

PerspectiveThe Knower's Lens
The position from which a knower encounters something, made up of their history, training, interests and situation. A perspective is not only a limitation: it can make features of a problem visible that no view from nowhere would pick up.
PowerKnowledge and Society
The capacity to shape what counts as knowledge, who is heard, and what gets funded, published or taught. Power is not only censorship; setting an agenda, controlling a platform or being granted authority all change the knowledge that a community ends up with.

Where it sits in the knowledge framework

Perspectives
Whose viewpoints have shaped this knowledge, which viewpoints have been absent, and how the discipline handles internal disagreement. This element includes the historical dimension: how the standpoint of a field has moved over time.
Ethics
The ethical questions internal to the knowledge itself: what may be investigated and how, what obligations the knowledge places on those who hold it, and the ethical constraints the discipline imposes on its own practitioners.

Areas of knowledge

Themes

Cases that raise a concept this one raises, but in a different area of knowledge or a different part of the world. That contrast is the point: it is what shows a student the concept travels.